Chinese Chops - The History and Usage of Chinese Seals

The Chinese chop or seal is used in Taiwan and China to sign documents, artwork, and other paperwork. The Chinese chop is most commonly made from stone, but can also be made in plastic, ivory, or metal. There are three Mandarin Chinese names for the Chinese chop or seal. The seal is most commonly called Ã¥  °Ã©â€˜â€˜ (yà ¬n jià  n) or Ã¥  °Ã§ «   (yà ¬nzhÄ ng). It is also sometimes called Ã¥Å"â€"ç «   / å› ¾Ã§ «   (tà ºzhÄ ng). The Chinese chop is used with a red paste called æÅ" ±Ã§  â€š (zhÃ… «shÄ ). The chop is pressed lightly into the æÅ" ±Ã§  â€š (zhÃ… «shÄ ) then the image is transferred to paper by applying pressure to the chop. There may be a soft surface beneath the paper to ensure a clean transfer of the image. The paste is kept in a covered jar when not in use to prevent it from drying out. History of the Chinese Chop Chops have been a part of Chinese culture for thousands of years. The earliest known seals date from the Shang Dynasty (商æÅ"  - shÄ ng chà ¡o), which ruled from 1600 BC to 1046 BC. Chops became widely used during the Warring States period (æˆ °Ã¥Å"‹æ™‚ä » £ / 战å› ½Ã¦â€" ¶Ã¤ » £ - Zhà  nguà ³ Shà ­dà  i) from 475 BC to 221 BC when they were used for signing official documents. By the time of the Han Dynasty (æ ¼ ¢Ã¦Å"  / æ ±â€°Ã¦Å"  - Hà  n Chà ¡o) of 206 BC to 220 AD, the chop was an essential part of Chinese culture. During the history of the Chinese chop, Chinese characters have evolved. Some of the changes made to characters over the centuries have been related to the practice of carving seals. For example, during the Qin Dynasty (ç § ¦Ã¦Å"  - Qà ­n Chà ¡o - 221 to 206 BC), Chinese characters had a round shape. The need to carve them on a square chop led to the characters themselves taking on a square and even shape. Uses For Chinese Chops Chinese seals are used by individuals as signatures for many kinds of official documents, such as legal papers and bank transactions. Most of these seals simply bear the owners name and are called Ã¥ §â€œÃ¥  Ã¥  ° (xà ¬ngmà ­ng yà ¬n). There are also seals for less formal uses, such as signing personal letters. And there are seals for artworks, created by the artist and which add a further artistic dimension to the painting or calligraphic scroll. Seals which are used for government documents usually bear the name of the office, rather than the name of the official. Current Use of Chops Chinese chops are still used for a wide variety of purposes in Taiwan and Mainland China. They are used as identification when signing for a parcel or registered mail or signing checks at the bank. Since seals are hard to forge and should only be accessible to the owner, they are accepted as proof of ID. Signatures are sometimes required along with the chop stamp, the two together being an almost failsafe method of identification. Chops are also used for conducting business. Companies must have at least one chop for signing contracts and other legal documents. Large companies may have chops for each department. For example, the finance department may have its own chop for bank transactions, and the human resources department may have a chop for signing employee contracts. Since chops have such an important legal significance, they are carefully managed. Businesses must have a system for controlling the use of chops, and will often require written information each time a chop is used. Managers must keep track of the location of chops and make a report each time a company chop is used. Acquiring a Chop If you are living in Taiwan or China, you will find it easier to conduct business if you have a Chinese name. Have a Chinese colleague help you select an appropriate name, then have a chop made. The cost ranges from about $5 to $100 depending on the size and the material of the chop. Some people prefer to carve their own chops. Artists in particular often design and carve their own seals which are used on their artworks, but anyone with an artistic bent may enjoy creating their own seal. Seals are also a popular souvenir which can be bought in many tourist areas. Often the vendor will provide a Chinese name or slogan along with the Western spelling of the name.

How I Address Conflicts Can Be A Difficult Task For Your...

Taking a step backwards to examine the conflicts you experience in your personal and professional life can be a difficult task. Gaining perspective on matters in which you carry deeply rooted emotions or have a large personal stake can be a challenge for even the most mature and established persons. This paper will attempt to take that step backwards and examine the conflicts I currently face in regards to my family, friends, coworkers, and society. After taking these things into considering I will attempt to forecast how these situations will influence conflict in my future. To gain a better understanding of how I address conflicts we must examine my origins and current position in life. Currently I am 29, soon to be married, a senior in college, five years into my career as a water professional, and I reside in a middle to lower income neighborhood in Norfolk, VA. I was raised in the rural grassfield area of southern Chesapeake, VA. 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Supply Chain Management of the Amazon-Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Supply Chain Management of the Amazon. Answer: Introduction Supply chain management deals with the procedures as well as methods involved for the management of products and services, the flow of the goods from their manufacturing units to the target consumers, which generally includes the processing of goods, their distribution procedures and transportation. The supply chain management merges all the layers along with the decisions related to marketing, desires and expectations of the customers in relation to the goals and strategies of the organization (Abbasi Nilsson, 2016). Amazon Company is being taken as an example for establishing this report on supply chain management. Started off as an online bookstore, the website now sells diversified items. Founded in the year 1994, by Jeff Bezos, the industry is now a largest retailer across the world and second largest after Alibaba, in terms of market capitalization and total revenue. The company also manufactures electronic items for the consumers like, Kindle e-readers, Echo, Fire TV and Fire Tablets. They also produce basic products like clothes, accessories, utensils and more. In the year 2015, the company has been regarded as the most valuable retailer in terms of market capitalization, at United States (Ahi Searcy, 2013). The report highlights the supply chain management processes of the company. The report throws light on the supply chain management of the industry chosen and being the supply chain manager of that organization, an analysis is done. It is done on the effectiveness of the four key flows, the make process and the supply chain forecasting. In addition to this, the report consists of some recommendations for improvements in the supply chain processes of the company. The key flows in Supply Chain The strategy of Supply Chain Management of the Amazon Company fits with their competitive strategy that has been the target consumers retailer choice. The combination of the multi-tier management, superlative transportation, efficient usage of Information Technology as well as the warehouses wider network, has assisted a lot by aligning the companys Supply Chain Management as well as their competitive strategies. The other aspect is related to the companys outsourcing of its inventory management. The company implements some strategy for the products which are not frequently purchased by the consumers or those which requires urgent delivery. They outsource their distribution as well as storage of items, which also consists of the goods where costs of storage are more than the marginal returns of sales (Ahi, P., Searcy, 2015). Amazon stocks purchased items and frequently ordered products at their warehouses, which assists them in being responsive towards consumer needs and demands. They hesitate on compromising the delivery and lead times as well. In other words, segregating inventory enables the company to respond to their consumers more effectively. Moreover, it helps Amazon by cutting the costs and slacks where needed. The company differentiates their consumers and segregates them into segments based on their demands by following certain strategies of price differentiation (Mangan Lalwani, 2016). The deliveries are of various forms, such as first class delivery, one day delivery, super saver or free delivery and prime customers delivery. The company provides its consumers with several options and alternatives for the available segments. Firstly, the consumers have an option of spending extra money for receiving their products delivery faster. Secondly, they can even depend on the usual delivery time of the product. Coupled with the inventory outsourcing, customer segmentation and the price differentiation strategies have helped the company to bear with the dynamic fluctuations and changes (Awudu Zhang, 2017). Amazon Companys Supply Chain Management is evolving due to its market growth. For instance; the company started as an online bookstore and acted as a middleman or intermediary between the buyers and sellers. The company did not stock their own items. Gradually, this strategy helped them in holding some of the goods at their warehouses. Currently, the company is hugely following push and pull strategies. The push strategy is the inventory and pull strategies include the shipments of all the items. In addition to this, the company blindly follows pull strategy for the goods they dont stock. However, the Supply Chain Managements discussion is incomplete without their multi tier inventory systems analysis. The first tier of the multi inventory system deals with the distribution centers aggregation, which enables the company to hold fewer inventories and to respond to the customers demands in a dynamic manner (Barney, 2012). The second tier consists of the partner distribution centers and the wholesalers as well. Whenever, an item which is ordered by the consumer, is not available at the enterprises distribution centers, Amazon completely depends on their wholesalers and the partners for supplying the required products to the customers. Furthermore, by implementing real time as well as sophisticated strategies of information technology, Amazon can however, leverage their effectiveness in the distribution. The third or last tier consists of the networks of third party sellers, manufacturers, publishers and vendors who enable the company to act as a mediating link for fulfilling the customers orders by linking them to the tiers (Beske, Land Seuring, 2014). Figure: Key Flows in Supply Chain (Source: Created by Author) The Make Process Amazon is one of the largest retailers across the world. The company does not only have plans of growing into biggest logistics company but also, they want to revolutionize other industries. Presently, the company has made some investments in their procedures and capabilities of supply chain management (Jacobs Chase, 2013). In near future, they also have plans for handling sufficient shipments, other than the courier companies as well as special delivery postal. The company is also planning for building their own streamlined delivery systems and procedures, which may help in replacing their established specialists. In addition to this, the company has also signed a deal for expanding their services which may increase their market profitability (Brandenburg et al., 2014). Amazon sells their own merchandise to their target customers and also operates in the market place. The major difference is that the gross merchandise values of the marketplace and the monetary values of all the items, which are being sold on their platform. Moreover, information technology benefits the manufacturing procedures and processes by reducing manual work and labor intensive work (Mc Cormack Johnson, 2016). It also proves advantageous for the warehouse management. After the completion of the production, the consumer goods manufacturers start packaging their items inside cartons, which is then delivered to the warehouse of purchasing company. The cargos used for sending the products to the destinations, first visit the warehouse. It becomes problematic to keep a track of all those cartons. In addition to this, it is time and labor consuming procedure (Brindley, 2017). Figure: Planning and Control (Source: Created by Author) The implementation of information technology is done in such crisis situations to ease the procedures as it assists in managing all information and keeping a record of the numbers of cartons. Every individual unit is installed with tags that help in information storage of the warehouses computers (Heizer, 2016). At each warehouses entrance, reading as well as writing devices is installed, as it benefits by registering all information of the cargos going in or out. It becomes easier for management centers for managing a number of products as well as items, which moves inside and outside the storage system. Furthermore, it acts as a major segment for the recognition of cargos and sending them to the replacement units whenever they stop working. The reading as well as writing devices benefits the strategic planning and management of the location of the products inside the warehouse (Christopher, 2016). The application of information technology also benefits the distribution procedures of Amazon. It benefits the company by accelerating their delivery speed to a huge extent. It increases accuracy and improves efficiency in selecting and distributing procedures as well. It is advantageous for managing the warehouse, locating the goods is done in an efficient manner, recording the goods assists in planning of the products location more strategically. Furthermore, it helps in reducing the costs of distribution; along with keeping a track record of all the goods and items, by registering them at the distribution centers system (Coyle et al., 2016). The supply chain forecasting Proper forecasting is essential for any organization or industry, as it ensures in having enough supply in hand, in order to satisfy the demands and desires of the consumers. Business analysts utilize the systems of logistics and supply chain management as well as some other tools, in order to forecast the demands in advance. Amazon uses forecasting techniques to increase the satisfaction of the consumers, reduce the inventory stock outs, schedule the production effectively, lowering the safety requirements of stocks, reduce obsolescence costs of products, manage the shipping better, improve price and promote management (Fawcett, Ellram Ogden, 2013). This information helps in putting the boxes properly and that too in correct locations by sorting them quickly and efficiently. In addition to this, they are also dispatched to the retailers at less time span and with huge accuracy. It enables the inventory controls accuracy, as the products are scanned and registered automatically on r eaching their destination units. Therefore, it highly accelerates the delivery speed, at the same time improving their efficiency and increasing their accuracy. Furthermore, it helps in reducing the time and their distribution costs (Dekker et al., 2013). Figure: Forecasting Model (Source: Created by Author) The three major forecast types used within supply chains context are; demand forecasting to investigate the demands and requirements of the buyers, supply forecasting to know about the current suppliers and producers and lastly, the price forecast, which is the compilation of demands and supplys information. Forecasting abilities of any business varies from organization to organization. In order to improve the forecasting abilities, one needs to understand the size of the demands and the uncertainty drivers (Gereffi Fernandez-Stark, 2016). The demand planning and strategy needs to be kept simple. The organizations should always have backup plans as well as change their strategies when needed. Amazon has been utilizing the forecasting technique in a brilliant way for the movement of their supply chain. It utilizes the tags for labeling all the equipments that assist in tracking and recording the movements easily, keeping it secured and safe. With the implementation of several technol ogies, the items are safely stored and tagged (Govindan, Soleimani Kannan, 2015). Previously, the whole activity was done by the security guards. They checked each and every items serial number by matching those with a list, which consisted of the details of those items. Therefore, supply chain management has proven to be advantageous for the company, as it helped in lessening the labor costs and time as well. Modern days competitive environment calls for new and innovative measures implementation in the supply chain management of the companies (Green Jr et al., 2012). Each and every company looks out for innovative ways to improve their own supply chains and its application. They are upgrading the supply chain systems or even implementing a new one in order to compete with the other companies. The implementation must be planned and strategically made, keeping in mind the pros and cons (Grant, Wong Trautrims, 2017). Recommendations In conclusion, some recommendations are made for the improvement of the companys supply chain management. Amazon can implement these strategies for making their supply chain world class and a source of advantage in the competitive field. The company relies on their courier services to a large extent. Therefore, they can undertake strategies for creating their own transportation through delivery vehicles and personnel, which will be advantageous for them. They can also improve their supply chain management by shifting from the model of cooperation to the coordination mode. In addition to this, it would enable information sharing between their partners and their suppliers as well, with the assistance of innovative and latest information technology. This will benefit them by creating a unified system of information technology. Therefore, it will call for significant investments as well as newly modified and innovative business models and strategies; where the company will not work in is olation; instead it will benefit them by bringing in all necessary as well as important elements and components for the supply chain management. References Abbasi, M., Nilsson, F. (2016). Developing environmentally sustainable logistics: Exploring themes and challenges from a logistics service providers perspective.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,46, 273-283. Ahi, P., Searcy, C. (2013). A comparative literature analysis of definitions for green and sustainable supply chain management.Journal of Cleaner Production,52, 329-341. Ahi, P., Searcy, C. (2015). An analysis of metrics used to measure performance in green and sustainable supply chains.Journal of Cleaner Production,86, 360-377. Awudu, I., Zhang, J. (2017). Uncertainties and sustainability concepts in biofuel supply chain management: A review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,16(2), 1359-1368. Barney, J. B. (2012). Purchasing, supply chain management and sustained competitive advantage: The relevance of resource?based theory.Journal of supply chain management,48(2), 3-6. Beske, P., Land, A., Seuring, S. (2014). Sustainable supply chain management practices and dynamic capabilities in the food industry: A critical analysis of the literature.International Journal of Production Economics,152, 131-143. Brandenburg, M., Govindan, K., Sarkis, J., Seuring, S. (2014). Quantitative models for sustainable supply chain management: Developments and directions.European Journal of Operational Research,233(2), 299-312. Brindley, C. (Ed.). (2017).Supply chain risk. Taylor Francis. Christopher, M. (2016).Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Coyle, J. J., Langley, C. J., Novack, R. A., Gibson, B. (2016).Supply chain management: a logistics perspective. Nelson Education. Dekker, R., Fleischmann, M., Inderfurth, K., van Wassenhove, L. N. (Eds.). (2013).Reverse logistics: quantitative models for closed-loop supply chains. Springer Science Business Media. Fawcett, S. E., Ellram, L. M., Ogden, J. A. (2013).Supply Chain Management: Pearson New International Edition: From Vision to Implementation. Pearson Higher Ed. Gereffi, G., Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016). Global value chain analysis: a primer. Govindan, K., Soleimani, H., Kannan, D. (2015). Reverse logistics and closed-loop supply chain: A comprehensive review to explore the future.European Journal of Operational Research,240(3), 603-626. Grant, D. B., Wong, C. Y., Trautrims, A. (2017).Sustainable logistics and supply chain management: principles and practices for sustainable operations and management. Kogan Page Publishers. Green Jr, K. W., Zelbst, P. J., Meacham, J., Bhadauria, V. S. (2012). Green supply chain management practices: impact on performance.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(3), 290-305. Heizer, J. (2016).Operations Management, 11/e. Pearson Education India. Jacobs, R., Chase, R. (2013).Operations and supply chain management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. (2016).Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Mc Cormack, K. P., Johnson, W. C. (2016).Supply chain networks and business process orientation: advanced strategies and best practices.

Rewriting What to do when you have to rephrase someone else’s words - The Writers For Hire

REWRITING: WHAT TO DO WHEN YOU HAVE TO REPHRASE SOMEONE ELSE’S WORDS One of the things freelance writers are often called upon to do is rewriting. That is, they’re charged with finding new ways to present information that’s already been written about elsewhere – sometimes because the original format is not suited for the target audience and sometimes to avoid copyright infringement. This isn’t always easy. Sometimes, the source material is highly technical and therefore difficult to explain to non-expert readers. (Much less frequently, it’s the other way around, with source material written in such a simplistic fashion as to bore the experts.) And sometimes, when the material comes from a proprietary source, rewriting is a delicate task that requires writers to choose their words carefully and present ideas differently, so as not to blur the boundaries of intellectual property. Despite these challenges, freelance writers can thread this needle. In this post, we’ll discuss some of the ways freelance writers can achieve their aim while still turning out high-quality copy. Striking the right tone We’ll start by addressing the question of how to strike the right tone. As noted above, rewriting can involve adapting highly technical material for a lay audience – say, using an article from a medical journal as the source material for a blog post on new developments in medical research. If this is the case, the writer handling the assignment should assess two factors: first, the average actual level of technical knowledge displayed in the original material and second, the average likely level of technical knowledge among members of the target audience. The next step is to estimate the gap between those two averages. Once the writer has an idea of how large that gap is, he or she can choose words that bridge that gap. Unfortunately, there’s no mathematical formula for making this call. Instead, there’s a subjective element, meaning that the writer has to decide how much to adjust the original material. If, for example, the source material reads like this ORIGINAL: Using genome-wide data from 253,288 individuals, we identified 697 variants at genome-wide significance that together explained one-fifth of the heritability for adult height. the writer might offer the following to a general audience with little or no specialized knowledge SIMPLIFIED REWRITE: Researchers have determined that 20% of the differences in adult height can be explained by a combination of nearly 700 different genetic variations. and the following to readers with a moderate level of specialized knowledge: MODERATE REWRITE: An analysis of genome-wide data from more than 250,000 individuals has led researchers to conclude that combinations of 697 specific genetic variants account for 20% of inherited differences in height. Both of these rewrites succeed because they convey the main idea of the source material, using language that is appropriate for the target audience. Even better, they transform dry, technical prose into something that reads more like a story than a laboratory report. Avoiding copyright violations But rewriting isn’t always about tone and sizing up target audiences. Sometimes it’s a more straightforward task – something along the lines of summarizing news coverage of a particular topic. If so, writers must remember that the journalistic material they’re using – wire reports, newspaper articles, magazine features, etc. – is almost always copyrighted. As such, it is subject to legal restrictions on its use, and writers who want to use the information must take steps to ensure that their product does not mirror the original text. Fortunately, there are several ways to do this. One way is to take the facts presented, and re-word them in a way that is unique, but still tells the same basic information. In practical terms, this might entail starting with â€Å"Snow White and the Seven Dwarves† and then using the thesaurus to end up with â€Å"The Seven Short Men and Frost White.† And in less fanciful terms, it might involve starting with this Reuters article, dated September 3 ORIGINAL: The U.S. Federal Reserve should cut interest rates by half a percentage point at its meeting in two weeks to get ahead of both financial market expectations for a rate cut and a global trade war that has become a broader â€Å"reckoning† over how the world economy is organized, St. Louis Federal Reserve President James Bullard said in an interview on Tuesday. and ending up with something like this: REWRITTEN: James Bullard, the president of the St. Louis Federal Reserve, has spoken out in favor of a cut in interest rates. In an interview with Reuters, Bullard urged the U.S. Federal Reserve to bring interest rates down by 0.5% at an upcoming meeting, saying this would help Washington stay ahead of market expectations and also take the lead in trade disputes that have raised questions about the organization of the global economy. This method can also be used for direct quotes from proprietary sources. It can help writers start with the following excerpt from the same Reuters article ORIGINAL: â€Å"This is an unraveling of the trade liberalization process that has been going on since World War Two.† and finish with this: REWRITTEN: According to Bullard, the disputes between the U.S. and other countries such as China indicate that efforts to liberalize trade are faltering after more than 70 years of forward movement. Writers can also look for opportunities to emphasize a different point from the source material. If the original text addresses a secondary theme somewhere in the middle, the rewritten text can bring that secondary theme into the spotlight, rather than leading with the primary topic. For example, writers can begin with this ORIGINAL: The U.S. Federal Reserve should cut interest rates by half a percentage point at its meeting in two weeks to get ahead of both financial market expectations for a rate cut and a global trade war that has become a broader â€Å"reckoning† over how the world economy is organized, St. Louis Federal Reserve President James Bullard said in an interview on Tuesday. Global investors have sent bond yields plummeting in recent weeks to record lows, leaving the Fed’s overnight policy rate seemingly out of line, Bullard said. Economic data on Tuesday meanwhile showed the U.S. manufacturing sector had contracted for the first time in three years amid slowing global economic growth and as China and the U.S. ratchet up tariffs on each other. and end up with this: REWRITTEN: James Bullard, the president of the St. Louis Federal Reserve, expressed concern about newly released economic data showing that the domestic manufacturing sector had shrunk for the first time since 2016, even as global economic growth rates slowed and trade disputes between the U.S. and China persisted. In an interview with Reuters, Bullard noted that recent developments had caused bond yields to sink to new lows. Under these conditions, he said, the U.S. Federal Reserve’s overnight policy rate is due for a change. He specifically recommended that the Fed consider reducing interest rates by 0.5% at an upcoming meeting. Taking this step would help the U.S. government address financial market players’ predictions of a rate cut and stay one step ahead of questions about how the U.S.-China trade war has affected the organization of the global economy. Once again, these rewrites succeed because they convey essentially the same ideas and the same information as the source material. But they also serve the writers’ purposes because they use different words and phrases (and sometimes emphasize different points) as they do so. Coloring outside the lines In the examples listed above, we have seen that writers who are trying to rework source material face restrictions – either technically, because they are dealing with subject matter that is complex, jargon-laden, and stylized in its presentation, or legally, because of its copyrighted status. But we have also seen that there are ways to work within and even transcend these restrictions. Writers can benefit significantly if they remember to use basic tools such as a thesaurus, but they can do even more if they find new ways to approach the same old information.

Reading Reflection Essays

Reading Reflection Essays Reading Reflection Essay Reading Reflection Essay Reading Reflection Barbara Morales ENG125 – Introduction to Literature Professor Sarah Ross December 5, 2011 What peaked my interest in this story is the title â€Å"The Welcome Table†. In essence it should be titled â€Å"The Unwelcome Table† because of its profound examples of racism, poverty, and unfair judgment and treatment; in short, man’s inhumanity to man. This short story is a prime example of hypocrisy, intolerance, and unchristian like behavior while in God’s house. An old, black woman walked from her home to an all-white church to worship and was turned away with cruel words and physical ousting by two big, burly men. This ill treatment by the â€Å"Christians† did not deter or discourage her from praising the Lord. The entire congregation was guilty of the same crime because they all felt the same way. There was no judgment or correction of each other because they all thought alike. Even the spiritual leader of the church gave a poor, unforgiving example to the congregation and they all followed suit. She was not worthy to be seen past her shabby clothing, her work worn hands, her aged body, her tattered stained clothing, her greasy scarf, and her scuffed shoes. They did not see past her external, soiled trappings to her internal childlike, unconditional love of God’s righteousness, and her right to worship him. After being thrown out of church, she continued on her way until she saw Jesus walking towards her. He looked at her lovingly and said â€Å"follow me†. This proved that Jesus is everywhere not just in church. Alice Walker’s â€Å"The Welcome Table†, is written from an omniscient point of view because Alice Walker is not a character in the book but she did know and understand the feelings of the characters in the story (Clugston, 2010). Walker’s writing contained many examples of Similes and Metaphors. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  and he walked with sure even steps in her direction, as if he were walking on the sea†. â€Å" the skin ashen but durable, like the bark of old pines†. â€Å"There was a sad but joyful look to his face, like a candle was glowing behind it†. (Clugston, 2010). The use of irony is visible in the following excerpt from â€Å"The Welcome Table†: â€Å"The protection and promise of God’s impartial love† (Clugston 2010). Through the congregations’ negative behavior toward the old woman, the congregation proved that they did not practice what He preached. Alice Walker uses a biographical/historical approach in her writings. She had firsthand knowledge of the struggles of black people of the South who experienced the lack of basic human rights. They lived racism, segregation, sexism, poverty, and social and economic injustice. In her writings she wrote about her life experiences and the lack of equality and the prevalence of racial injustice. She brought awareness to people of other parts of the country to the plight of the poor and forgotten and stressed the need for radical change in our society. The Civil Rights March of the 60’s, led by Dr. Martin Luther King had a profound, life-changing impact on Alice Walker’s life which is evident in her writings. Her writings reflect her life as an educator, civil rights worker, advocate and mentor. She understood the importance of power in numbers. The organized protests of the people and by the people gave to the people the inalienable rights guaranteed to all under the Constitution of the United States of America. By their actions they strengthened their demands for equality for all in the land. Change was imminent. While collaborating through her efforts in registering and encouraging people to vote, she met and married a Jewish, Civil Rights Lawyer named Melvyn Leventhal. Her writings have surpassed color lines and made us aware that we are all members of the human race. There is no superior color and we are all members of the human race. Interestingly enough, the Alice Walker book â€Å"Color Purple† brought much criticism from many black male scholars. They felt she depicted an unfair image of black men. They took offense at her portrayal of black men who treated their wives as chattel and unworthy, second class citizens. In the end of her stories, women all got their retribution. She experienced negativity from many in society and sadly also within her own race and culture. References Clugston, W. R. , (2010). Journey Into Literature. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Alice Walkers Love Stories. The Way Forward Is with a Broken Heart by Alice Walker. The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, No. 31 (Spring, 2001), pp. 132-133.

The Worlds Best Self-Publishing Checklist [Free Download]

The Worlds Best Self-Publishing Checklist Download the World's Most Essential Self-Publishing Checklist Becoming an independent author is almost like being in a circus act: between having to take care of the writing, design, distribution, and marketing of a single book, you have to keep a lot of plates spinning (or a lot of balls in the air). If you forget just one part of any of these crucial elements, you run a greater risk of being disappointed by your book launch.For the past three years, Reedsy has worked with authors to create thousands of books - and in that time, we've learned a lot about what it takes to launch a book successfully. The good news is that the steps you need to take are easily replicated, no matter what sort of book you're writing.To help make sure that your book launch goes off without a hitch, we've compiled and condensed everything we know about this topic into a single infographic self-publishing checklist. Enjoy! If you have any questions about  planning your book launch, leave them in the comments below.

Developing an implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Developing an implementation - Essay Example This is not only meant to monitor the seriousness of the undertaking but also to aid in gaining the necessary support for the implementation of the activity. For instance, the proposed research is aimed at improving the health situation affecting mothers and children caused by the inefficacy of detection and intervention of the disorder. The achievement of this change is going to involve various parties as well as activities. The participants are human subjects adding to the criticality of the need for an implementation plan. Consequently, an implementation plan will play a profoundly important role in eliciting approval and support for the implementation of the research. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (2009) refers the systematic investigation which involves research development, testing as well as evaluation with an aim of contributing to generalizable knowledge as research. The proposed research involves human subjects which makes it critical and thus has to be approved by the relevant authorities before it is conducted. According to U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (2009), a human subject is the living individual relied upon by the investigator to provide data either through intervention and interaction with or through private information about him/her which is identifiable. A review of the proposed research and its approval by the institutional review board (IRB) will ensure that the research will be conducted legally. The U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (2009) describes the functions of the institutional review board (IRB) as chiefly being the assurance of protection of the human subjects involved in any researc h. Consequently attaining an approval from the institutional review board means that the proposed research meets the constraints set forth and therefore it can be conducted (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 2009). The presentation of the approved proposal to the relevant

Minimising the risk in shipping operation. A Case study comparing two Essay

Minimising the risk in shipping operation. A Case study comparing two shipping lines (Maersk and NYK) - Essay Example The risk of piracy has continued to dominate the list of shipping risks for most organisations, sometimes superseding other risks in terms of frequency of occurrence, and the intensity of loss or/and liability. As a direct result of piracy, the costs of operating shipping lines have significantly increased. Insurance costs for sea vessels, for example, have continuously soared to greater heights while vessels are required to install certain security features to help reduce the risk of loss resulting from piracy. Owing to the importance assigned to the shipping industry in international trade, and considering the risks it faces, it would only be wise to consider finding ways of mitigating the effects of such risks or altogether eliminating them. This work is dedicated to the analysis of piracy as a main shipping risk and is aimed at coming up with strategies and techniques for combating this specific risk. According to the International Maritime organisation (IMO), approximately 90 percent of the world’s trade is transported by the international shipping industry. Transportation of bulk raw materials and manufactured goods, and intercontinental trade would practically be impossible without international shipping. Better said, without the international shipping industry, one half of the world would ultimately freeze while the other half would starve. Under close analysis, ships are high value and sophisticated assets. Merchant ships in their annual operations generate income in excess of 380 billion USD dollars in freight rates alone. In reality, this accounts for about five percent of the world’s entire economy. This percentage no shows how vital the industry contributes to investors, governments, employees, organisations and by extension the global economy. In this sense, it is important for all stakeholders to join forces and

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela Essay Example for Free

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela Essay Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born on 18 July 1918 at Mvezo, in tiny village near the Mbashe River in the district of Umtata. In Xhosa Rolihanda means ‘’pulling the branch of a tree’’ but also ‘’troublemaker’’ which describes Mandela quite accurately. Nelson Mandela was born into the Thembu tribe, he was a member of the royal household but was not trained to be a ruler one day, only groomed to be of help to the rulers. Nelson was a name given by Mandela’s English teacher, in that time the British had control and a more English form of education came forth. Mandela had a happy childhood but unfortunately his father died when Mandela was only nine years old.Nelson Mandela studied at Clarkebury. Later on Mandela was send to Wesleyan College in Fort Beaufort in somewhat poor sleeping and eating circumstances. Nelson got a sense of freedom from his tribe and began searching inside himself as a person not just a tribe member or a Xhosa but as an African, but as the famous Xhosa poet Mqhay spoke at the collage and inspired Nelson to put being a Xhosa first and a African second. He later attended University Collage of Fort Hare were he got knowledge of law, English and politics. This is where the seed was planted of Nelson’s tree of wisdom. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela is one of the greatest souls to ever walk the earth, his fight for freedom and equality will be remembered for centuries more to come. He is an icon of greatness and everything we should inspire to be. Mandela is known worldwide for his extraordinary sacrifice he made in his struggle for justice and equality in South-Africa. If you think of South-Africa without Nelson Mandela darkness comes to mind, where would we be if it wasn’t for this man? I think it’s a question many South-Africans would rather not answer, were just grateful that he was here. Nelson Mandela’s fight against apartheid is probably the definitive moment of South-African history, the moment that were all finally after years and years equal. That is the reason why I believe Mandela is essential to  South-African history. In Nelson Mandela autobiography ‘’A long walk to freedom’’ he categorized his life into different chapters. In these chapters we see Mandela growing, learning and creating his point of view. Mandela saw the wrong in South- Africa and he knew it had to be justified. During Rivonia trail Nelson Mandela said â€Å"I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.† (Mandela, 1995:215) Mandela’s different chapters give us an idea of the story of how this wonderful man came to be. Mandela gives you a visual picture of his life in ‘’A long walk to freedom’’. We see Mandela as a little boy running around playing with the other boys, participating in stick fights and being as free as one could be, this may be when Mandela fell in love with freedom. In many occasions Mandela says that he inherited various traits of character from his father ‘’ My father was a tall, dark-skinned man with a straight and stately posture, which I like to think I inherited’’ ‘’My father possessed a proud rebelliousness, a stubborn sense of fairness, that I recognize in myself’’ we see that Mandela and his Father had a fair amount of character traits in common, and his father played a big role in the fundament in Mandela’s character. Mandela also said ‘’although my mother was the centre of my existence, I defined myself through my father’’. (Mandela, 1995:26) Mandela didn’t know it at the time but his whole world was about change. His mother informed him that he wasnâ⠂¬â„¢t going to stay with them anymore Nelson didn’t ask where he was going or why. When he reached the place that was going to be his new home he was amazed but still felt bewildered. Nelson said ‘’It felt like a sapling pulled root and branch from the earth and flung into the centre of a stream whose strong current I could not resist’’(Mandela, 1995:26) He was also taken by the factor of wealth ‘’In that instant, I saw that life might hold more for me than being a champion stick-fighter’’(Mandela, 1995:26) Nelson Mandela’s new home in Mqhekezweni brought many opportunities, Nelson’s mother knew he would achieve much more, al Nelson Mandela’s father ever wanted for Nelson was a great education so in a way his wishes were granted. At the age of sixteen the regent decided  that it was time for Mandela to embrace manhood meaning circumcision. Circumcision was a ritual of transformation from boy into man. The regent said that Mandela was not destined to work in the mine , he said Nelson would be a counsellor to Sabata, for n Nelson to be a counsellor he needed higher education so he was send to Clarkebury after he finished in some struggling, he was send to Wesleyan College in Fort Beaufort. After that 21 year Nelson Mandela was send to The University College of Fort Hare. Nelson said for him and other young black children it was like ‘’Oxford and Cambridge, Harvard and Yale, all rolled into one’’. (Mandela, 1995:40) Nelson Mandela learned both inside and out classrooms. He competed in soccer and cross-country running. Nelson Mandela met Oliver Tambo on the soccer field. Mandela said ‘’it was easy to see that he was destined for great things’’. (Mandela, 1995:41) Mandela’s dream at this moment was to get a degree and to earn money so that he could restore the wealth his mother lost when his father died he wanted to give them all the things they couldn’t afford. Nelson Mandela was nominated to stand for Student Representative Council but not all the students were allowed to vote so Nelson and the five others decided to resign from the council. The next day they voted again with all the students present but still only twenty five could vote so the same people were appointed. They held a meeting and the five suggested that they accept office, tough nothing had changed for Mandela. Here you can see Mandela’s love for democracy shine trough. Mandela resigned for the second time and he the only one out of the six that did. He was called in by the head of university DR. Kerr, he gave Mandela a choice stay and be on the Student Representative Council or leave. Mandela chose to leave because he couldn’t let his fellow student down and he had to do the right thing. Nelson Mandela returned home were the regent was very angry with Mandela. The regent also announced that his two sons will be married. This took Mandela by surprise. He and his brother fled to Johannesburg. As they arrived at Johannesburg they went to the mines seeking work but were turned down because they knew that they ran away from home. Nelson got a job as articled law clerk at Witkin, Nelson went about life as normal went to parties met some brilliant people and learned every day. The regent came to Mandela, he wanted to know what his plans were he supported Mandela and had  no intension to take him back but for his brother there was other intentions he was to come home immediately return which he refused. Six months later the regent died and Mandela was overwhelmed by guilt. Mandela began working with Guar and Walter Sisulu. In the end of 1942 Nelson Mandela got his B.A degree and he was very proud. Gaur his employer also reminded him education wasn’t everything education alone wasn’t going to give them freedom. It was Guar that took Mandela to the ANC meetings. Nelson also participated in bus boycott with Guar. In 1943 the firm articled Nelson Mandela. Later on Mandela attended the University of Witwatersrand to get his LLB degree in law. The university had mostly white people and in the law faculty Nelson was the only black person, most of the people weren’t very to Nelson which made him feel uncomfortable. Nelson Mandela and the other members of the ANC had enough of the negative racist benefits of being black. They wanted to form a youth league and after visiting head of ANC Dr. Xuma provisional committee of the Youth League was formed, under the leadership of William Nkomo. Nelson says ’’the primary purpose of the Youth League was to give direction to the ANC in its quest for political freedom.’’(Mandela, 1995:65) During this Mandela was still studying part time. Nelson met his first wife Evelyn Mase at Walter’s house. They didn’t know each other very long before they got married. In 1946 70,000 African miners along the Reef went on strike for a higher salary, a union was created for the miners. The miners decided to march but this was very violently repulsed by police. After the strike, fifty-two men were arrested and prosecuted, first for incitement then for sedition. In 1947 Nelson was elected executive committee of the Transvaal ANC. In 1948 only white people were allowed to vote. Dr. Xuma was removed as head and replaced by James Moroka, he was more committed in winning freedom. Mandela said We had now guided the ANC to a more radical and revolutionary path. Mandela sadly failed his last year at Witwatersrand 3 times and was denied his degree. Mandela continued with protests and speeches and the government continued with arrests in masses. In 1952 Mandela was elected regional president of the ANC. On 30 July 1952, Mandela was arrested under the Suppression of Communism Act and went on trial with the 21 accused, among them Moroka, Sisulu and Dadoo, in Johannesburg. Found guilty of statutory  communism, their sentence of nine months hard labour was suspended for two years. The ANC was split into two, the militant faction split to form a new organisation the PAC in 1961. The following year police killed 61 peaceful black protesters. The ANC and PAC was then banned. Mandela was forced to disguise himself to avoid detection. Mandela knew it was time for more drastic action. In 1961 Nelson Mandela became co-founder and leader of ‘’ Umkhonto we Sizwe’’, ‘’Spear of the Nation† a military branch of the ANC. Nelson later said ‘’It would be wrong and unrealistic for African leaders to continue preaching peace and nonviolence at a time when the government met our peaceful demands with force. It was only when all else had failed, when all channels of peaceful protest had been barred to us, that the decision was made to embark on violent forms of political struggle.† Mandela launched a plan to sabotage the government. South-Africa at this stage was declared a republic and free from British control. Mandela illegally went oversees to gain support in Ethiopia and advice from Oliver Tambo in London. On 5 December after Mandela returned he was arrested and sentence to 5 years in prison for leaving the country and for being in control of the 1961 workers’ strike. This sentence would in time proven to be the least of Mandela’s problems. The government raided a military hide out in Rivonia where evidence was found against Nelson and other ANC members. They were charge with sabotage, treason and violent conspiracy alongside their associates. They had a trail that lasted 8 months, the trail attracted international attention. Nelson Mandela and 7 other members were sentenced to life in jail. Mandela spent his first 18 of 27 years in jail on an island prison just a few kilometres from Cape Town called Robben Island. He was treated badly because of the colour of his skin. Oliver Tambo began a free Nelson Mandela campaign which got the attention that they needed to free Mandela. The government made Mandela a deal release for political compromises, but he rejected them. In 1982 Nelson was moved to less secure prison, Pollsmoor Prison. The following year F. W. de Klerk was elected president and he lifted the ban against the ANC and in 1990 he ordered Nelson Mandela’s release. In 1993 Nelson and de Klerk were handed the Nobel prize. In 1994 Nelson Mandela was elected president of South-Africa. F.W de Klerk was his first deputy. Nelson went on to make South-Africa a great nation, everyone equal whether your black, white, Indian or coloured It’s hard to imagine a  South- Africa without Nelson Mandela. His importance was seen in the moment we lost him. In his book ‘’Conversations with myself’’ Barrack Obama wrote the foreword saying’’ Like many people around the world, I came to know of Nelson Mandela from a distance, when he was imprisoned on Robben Island. To so many of us, he was more than just a man he was a symbol of the struggle for justice, equality, and dignity in South Africa and around the globe. His sacrifice was so great that it called upon people everywhere to do what they could on behalf of human progress’’ The Guardian said ‘’Mandela was a transformational figure; to say he was a historical figure would not give him his full due. Some people move through history as being the first this or that – just another figure in a lineage of persons. To be a transformer is to plan, to have the vision to chart the course, the skills to execute. To be transformational is to have the courage of ones convictions, to sacrifice, to risk life and limb, to lay it all on the line. Historical figures will reference Nelson Mandela.’’ Nelson Mandela has such a great impact on South-Africa that I don’t know if I would be here if it wasn’t for him, none of us can say we would. If Mandel a didn’t do what he did we would have ended up in a war between white and black and many lives would be lost. Mandela saves millions and set millions free. Sadly Mandela died on 5 December 2013 of a recurring lung infection, although Mandela never was a smoker. South-Africa came to a standstill we had lost our hero in flesh but he will never be forgotten. Bronnelys: Jackson, J. 2013. Nelson Mandela changed the course of history for South-Africa and the US. The Guardian, 5 Dec. http://www.thegaurdian.com/commetisfree/2013/dec/05/nelson -mandela-changed-history-south-africa-us Date of access: 15 March. Lewis, S. 2013. Why was Mandela important. BBC newsround, 6 Dec http://www.bbc.com/newsround/25263229 Mandela N.R. 1995.A long walk to freedom. Little, Brown and Company. Boston New York London Mandela N.R foreword by Obama B. 2010. Conversations with myself. Little, Brown and Company.Boston New York London

The Great Gatsby †Chapter 7 Summary :: Essays Papers

The Great Gatsby – Chapter 7 Summary Chapter 7 was another important chapter in this book, it started off with Gatsby deciding to call off his parties, which he had held primarily to lure Daisy. He has also fired his servants to prevent gossip, and replaced them with connections of Meyer Wolfsheim. On the hottest day of the summer, Nick drives to East Egg for lunch at Tom and Daisy's house. When the nurse brings in Tom and Daisy's baby girl, Gatsby is stunned. During the awkward afternoon, Gatsby and Daisy cannot hide their love for one another, and Tom finally notices their situation. After finally realizing the situation, Tom agrees with Daisy's suggestion that they should all go to New York together. Nick rides with Jordan and Tom in Gatsby's car; Gatsby and Daisy ride together in Tom's car. Stopping for gas at Wilson's garage, Nick, Tom, and Jordan learn that Wilson has discovered his wife's affair and plans to move her to the West. Nick perceives that Tom and Wilson are in the same position. Tom begins his confrontation with Gatsby by mocking his habit and the fact that he claimed he went to Oxford. Tom asks Gatsby about his intentions with Daisy, and Gatsby replies that Daisy loves him, not Tom. Tom claims that he and Daisy have a history that Gatsby could not possibly understand. He then accuses Gatsby of running a bootlegging operation. Daisy, who began the afternoon in love with Gatsby, feels herself moving closer and closer to Tom as she watches the confrontation. Tom realizes he has won, and sends Daisy back to Long Island with Gatsby to prove Gatsby's inability to hurt him. As the confrontation ends, Nick realizes that today is his thirtieth birthday. Back at Tom's house, Nick waits outside, and finds Gatsby hiding in the bushes.

Nursing Knowledge

What makes Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) a great source of knowledge for nursing references? It produces and disseminates systematic reviews of health care interventions and promotes the search for evidence in the form of clinical trials and other studies. The column by JBI will cover a broad range of topics and will appear periodically in AJN. With reference to its official website, http://www.joannabriggs.edu.au, The Joanna Briggs Collaboration is a coordinated effort by a group of self-governing collaborative centres, coordinated through the leadership of The Joanna Briggs Institute. The legitimate operations of The Joanna Briggs Collaboration include the promotion of evidence-based health care; education and training; conducting of systematic reviews; the development of Best Practice Information Sheets; the implementation of evidence-based practice; and the conduct of evaluation cycles and primary research arising out of systematic reviews. Various collaborating centre have teamed up to produce excellent and up to date sources that are relatively relevant in medical field. A good source of research should be current, concise, and give factual evidences. The website also contains electronic copies of all JBI collaboration publications that includes such as; Best Practice Information Sheets, systematic reviews, evaluation cycle reports and practice manuals. What’s most important about this research source is that the evidence library offers a variety of reports such as product and technical reports, executive summaries, review protocols, and a Cochrane library. For further research, it offers various database such as a systematic review database and database of abstract reviews of effects. Overall, this research source will definitely help someone to find pertinent facts and information on medical field. Sigma Theta Tau International As a knowledge and leadership organization, the Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International responds to health and nursing profession trends and issues that are germane to its mission.( http://www.nursingsociety.org/resources/main.html) The site is a good start point for research, here you will find; ØÂ   Resources and Position Papers – Position statements and resource papers about trends and key issues that are developed by the society. ØÂ   Global Alliances – affiliations alliances of society with other eminent international organizations for stronger organization. ØÂ   Various Organizational Affiliates ØÂ   National Quality Measures Clearinghouse – NQMC, sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), it is a public storehouse for evidence-based quality measures and measure sets. The site offers more than a research source; it also acts a focal point for nursing communities where they can exchange information on various aspects of nursing. There is also a special link for student nurse resources and society resources. As they value their members they offer mentoring programs to enhance the leadership and potential skills of nurses. Its commitment does not only rely to library resources and research but also dedicated to its society, community and fellow members. They also have a foundation that serves the culmination of overall purpose of the organization. Certain communities are established to promote well being and participation in socio civic cultural activities of nurses. In general, this site offers a great mixture of facts, information, and interaction made by nurses to its fellow nurses. A well informative site that serves as a ground for various nurses all through out; thus, with the organization mission and vision that will has a parallel principle which will serve as continuous commitment to the society. References: http://www.joannabriggs.edu.au http://www.nursingsociety.org/resources/main.html

The American National Anthem

The National Anthem is a familiar tune to everybody. It is known as the Star Spangled Banner. Today, the American National anthem is sung before many different events. Some of those events include sporting events and presidential campaigns. The Star Spangled Banner is also notorious for its confusing and almost impossible to sing lyrics. The Star Spangled Banner was written by a second rate lawyer named Francis Scott Key. During the war of 1812 Francis Scott Key was taken hostage on a British ship.He was held captive there during the Battle of Fort McHenry where the British ships were barraging the fort with rockets and artillery throughout the night. But when the sun rose the next morning, Key found the American flag, which only had 15 stars at the time, still standing on the Fort. That even inspired him to write the Star Spangled Banner which became our national anthem in 1931 when congress made it official. The National Anthem is very commonly used today. But not all of these inst ances are positive.For example before President Barack Obama became the president of the United States, He once refused to put his right hand over his heart before the playing of the Star Spangled Banner. As a defense he stated â€Å"There are a lot of people in the world to whom the American flag is a symbol of oppression. And the anthem itself conveys a war-like message. You know, the bombs bursting in air and all. † The bombs bursting in air is a part of the Star Spangled Banner lyrics. This represented the survival of Fort McHenry during the Battle of 1812.This is an interesting part of our history because Barack Obama later became our president. But because of this one event he will be known as our president that refused to stand and honor the playing of the National Anthem. During nation wide sporting events the National Anthem is played before the game. This is seen when people go to a baseball game, they play the national anthem before they begin the game. The Nationa l Anthem started first started to play during the 1918 World Series. It was a game between The Cubs and the Red Sox.The band started to play the National Anthem during the seventh-inning and both teams faced the centerfield flag pole and stood at attention. From that day on sporting events from all over the country started using the National Anthem. But it is now most commonly played before the event not during. The National Anthem is considered a very difficult song to sing. Many professional and amateur singers mess up when they sing the Star Spangled Banner. For instance during the super bowl of 2011, Christina Aguilera was requested to sing the national anthem before the game.During her performance she mixed up the lines and stirred frenzy amongst the crowd. Christina Aguilera is a famous pop singer in America so this proves that even professional singers can mess up singing the national anthem. The National Anthem is America’s song. The National Anthem is used very widel y among people of our country. It can be heard from sporting events to presidential campaigns. Although the Star Spangled Banner is a difficult song to sing it is still sung by many people young or old. This is our National Anthem.

Examples of Diffusion

Examples of Diffusion Diffusion is the movement of atoms, ions, or molecules from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. The transport of matter continues until equilibrium is reached and there is a uniform concentration through the material. Examples of Diffusion Perfume is sprayed in one part of a room, yet soon it diffuses so that you can smell it everywhere.A drop of food coloring diffuses throughout the water in a glass so that, eventually, the entire glass will be colored.When steeping a cup of tea, molecules from the tea cross from the tea bag and diffuse throughout the cup of water.When shaking salt into water,  the salt dissolves and the ions move until they are evenly distributed.After lighting a cigarette, the smoke spreads to all parts of a room.After placing a drop of food coloring onto a square of gelatin, the color will spread to a lighter color throughout the block.Carbon dioxide bubbles diffuse from an open soda, leaving it flat.If you place a wilted celery stick in water, water will diffuse into the plant, making it firm again.Water diffuses into cooking noodles, making them bigger and softer.A helium balloon deflates a little bit every day as helium diffuses through the balloon into the air.If you place a sugar cube in wat er, the sugar will dissolve and evenly sweeten the water without having to stir it.

Long Drop to Nowhere essays

Long Drop to Nowhere essays Donald Smalls was a simple enough man with a simple enough life. He was the head pharmacist at the local drug store. He lived in a small house tucked away in the woods, about half a mile off the main road. He could even forget things from the past that would haunt anyone else. The pay from the drug store allowed a slightly moderate life style. His clothes were neat and new around every month. He owned a nice little Beamer, you know, the kind that makes people feel richer than they are. Donald had just recently bought the Beamer to replace the old truck he had driven for the past couple of years. He was driving the old truck because the Mustang he had owned since he was nineteen finally called it quits. Now he had one sweet ride. Today he was driving up to one just one more thing the drug store made possible for him to own, a nice cabin in the mountains. He bought it off a previous owner, a man who seemed to have a nervous disorder around others. After shaking hands with the man, Donald had to wipe his hand on his jeans. The cabin was a nice place, just the place to spend a weeks vacation doing nothing and reading books. He would be happy, shoot, ecstatic to relax for a while. After having dealt with two hectic months behind that smooth white counter he thought he deserved a vacation. Now he was on a mountain highway, making his way to his own little crack in the world. Donald started to relax a little and let the speedometer do a little walking. Once it registered sixty he thought that would be a nice clip to cruise along at. Most drivers would worry about taking curves at this speed, but not Don Smalls. At thirty five and driving mountain roads most of his life, he considered himself a seasoned vet. He knew how to do it. He knew people relaxed and wrecked on roads like this all the time. He wasnt one for wrecks or for worrying about them but all of this just seemed too familiar. An old forgo...

The Last Flight of Space Shuttle Challenger Essay

The Last Flight of Space Shuttle Challenger - Essay Example This turned out to be the first blunder that led to the tragic incident. It happened to be the 10th mission for the Challenger Orbiter, while it was the 25th mission for the Space Transportation Systems (STS) and this proved a great challenge when considering the complexity of modern federal bureaucracy and relying on private contractors. The unfortunate Challenger seemed to take off normally, but after flying for about 73 seconds, the Mission Control did not receive any signal from it. Instead, just soon after the Challenger’s final radio signal, a blinding flash of light was seen by the people in the Mission Control room. This massive flash was actually the huge explosion and 2 destruction of the Orbiter and its fuel tanks, and its Solid Rocket Boosters that were blown into the air with the impact and hurtled down into residential areas. (Charles, T. pg. 110) The tragic disaster of the Space Shuttle Challenger, was considered to be the worst ever disaster that the United Sta tes space program experienced, because it had left all seven crew members dead including Christa McAuliffe, who was the â€Å"First Teacher in Space.† This financial loss of almost $ 2 billion left the world in a state of shock and made America lose their trust in NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Investigations on the disaster of Space Shuttle Challenger were carried out by the Presidential Commission who drew up the causes which were responsible. One of the chief findings of the Commission was that the pressure seal that joins the right solid Rocket Motor in the aft field had failed, causing the disaster. The faulty design was susceptible to many other factors which were unacceptable. These factors include – the quality and character of the material, physical wear and tear and the ‘reaction of the joint to dynamic loading.’ (Charles, T. pg.111) Besides finding out the technical fault, the Commission found that the process of decision m aking was to blame for the catastrophe, which could have easily been avoided if more caution was executed. Michael T. Charles’s study findings, further points to the lapse in the organizational setting which include such phenomena as pressured decision making, Congressional 3 funding, lucrative business contracts, the bureau- political discrepancies within and among NASA, including military and many other agencies of the government who are in competition for space dollars. Charles T. (pg. 111) points out that even though NASA, a governmental agency who has the responsibility of the development and management of this Space Shuttle Program and has such a good reputation, yet it became a part of the tragedy because the different departments are quite dependant on each other and therefore wrong interactions between them would have inevitably lead to the disaster. In addition, NASA is in collaboration with other private firm contracts to lend their support in the developing and de signing of the STS. However, the contract of constructing the Solid Rock Boosters was given to a company called ‘The Morton Thiokol Corporation where the flaw which caused the disaster was found. Managerial responsibility was another drawback pointed out by the Commission, which also contributed to the mishap. A team of managers was placed in charge for different parts of the

Ethical Decision Makin Process Speech or Presentation

Ethical Decision Makin Process - Speech or Presentation Example The father of the child is also a stakeholder because as a father, he needs to provide for his child. But in cases where the father leaves the mother, as in abandonment or a crime like rape, the father does not have any responsibility to the child as his choice. But the major stakeholder of the situation is the mother of the child. The mother is the host of the child. The fetus is a child, and it is quantified as a person for the pro-life movement and as just another organism for the pro-choice movement. The child, according to a New Jersey Superior Court, â€Å"If a fetus is a person, it is a person in very special circumstances – it exists entirely within the body of another much larger person and usually cannot be the object of direct action by another person.† With pregnancy, the mother is put at risk because childbirth is a potentially fatal process. Pregnancy also leeches the mother of her health as the fetus needs a lot of nutrients that it can’t directly get its nutrients from food. The stake is enormous for the society and the mother. The quote, â€Å"It takes a whole village to raise a child† applies here. The society is also responsible for the nurturing of the child in terms of providing the societal needs of a person: social needs, jobs, etc. The mother also has a huge stake when it comes to pregnancy and abortion. The mother, when deciding to have an abortion, would be judged as a murderer in most cases. Most mothers undergo abortion because of reasons that typically pressure the mother into choosing abortion, like her low economic status, unstable job, genetic anomalies, etc. This is because, naturally, if the mother had a lot of resources, she would not undergo abortion. Politically, the mother also has a lot of stake put on it because the debate on the legality and morality of abortion is still widely debated and the legalities of it are still very difficult to grasp, because of the moral and ethical issues associate d with it. Stage Three: The pro-abortion argument is valid because the mother has her own right on her body. It is her own and she should have the right to use her body and decide for it. Her body is being compromised because of the pregnancy. Other arguments for the pro-abortion movement is most conceptions are naturally unsuccessful and are naturally aborted within a month, making abortion natural and therefore, not criminal (because it is natural). Thus, criminalization of abortion implies criminalizing a natural act. However, anti-abortion arguments are also quite valid. They argue that a fetus is a person, and it can feel pain. When that happens, when you intentionally get rid of a person (fetus) it is murder, and therefore should be treated as a crime. The anti-abortion argument can be a bit confusing because the proponents of this argument do not really want to incriminate the mothers who decide to have abortion performed on them. These proponents actually want to incriminate the doctors who have â€Å"brainwashed† the mothers in order to get money from them. However, these are not quite convincing because if indeed it’s a crime, it is indeed murder because it is premeditated. Then again, these pro-lifers do not want extreme methods of punishment performed on the mother. For me, abortion should be legal but it should have conditions in order for it to be performed

The complexity of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

The complexity of Management - Essay Example In this paper, the proponent clearly illustrates situations that identify existing complexities within an organisation. Marketing versus accounting department In most instances, there is always an ongoing clash between the accounting and marketing department. This is because of the meaning of accounting in an organisation seems to be broad (McSweeney, 1995). In order to understand this in detail, there is always a good reason to believe that each department has essential role or function to play in an organisation. In line with this, it is necessary that these specific functions have to be elaborately discussed in detail in order to find out why there is an ongoing complexity that exists within an organisation. A salesperson was having a hated argument with an accounting staff. The problem was actually within the bound of how they tried to handle customer service. The salesperson was so aggressive about creating a sale with the customer and he was always ready to shortcut the process just to be able to close the deal. However, the accounting staff understood her function clearly well. In other words, she was so aggressive about the implementation of what has been agreed within their department. As a result, there was a strong clash of personal interests of each department that went on between the accounting staff and salesperson. ... In other words, some rules employed by the company may be altered just to be able to prioritise what is deemed important for the achievement of the ultimate goal of the company. The ultimate goal is to have excellent financial performance that will enable the company to continue operation. However, there may be always a compromise in the process. The accounting department is such a complex component of an organisation because it primarily involves finances in general. It involves the general role of an organisation to handle every necessary aspect in financial activities that will make the entire flow of the organisation run smoothly. For instance, cash flow is important and even return of investment is necessary in order that the operation will continue to have healthy performance. These activities are necessary and they are handled by the accounting department in general. However, their tasks have specific goals and objectives that in the process will run against the objectives of other departments. For instance, the sales department is there to help the accounting department reach the objective in obtaining healthy cash flow. The sales department is there in order to help the company reach its full potential in obtaining high return of investment that the bottom line is to have a positive healthy cash flow. However, this does not run smoothly as always as it might be expected. There are some specific concerns. For instance, the company may declare terms and conditions of payments. Some customers may ask about longer terms especially when they are trying to place high orders that are far from what is expected. Some companies may not have looked on this in advance but the accounting department may be strict about its

Person and Specific Personality Essay Example for Free

Person and Specific Personality Essay 1. What does the mask symbolize? The mask is a person or personality that is seen by people who can only see that type of person or that specific personality w/in that individual. 2. Could this poem apply to other people who are not African-American? Explain your answer. Yes because, there are people who go about their business and there are those who like to provide emotional devastation to others around the whole world. And the mask gives the person, whose metaphorically wearing the mask, the identity of a particular type of individual that the critics and haters see them as. Because I Could Not Stop For Death- Analyzing Details 3. What kind of person is Death? How does the poet characterize him? He is patient and nonchalant about his duty. As if Death was a kind thing. 4. What does the house in stanza #5 symbolize? I think it symbolizes a cemetery. 5. Readers often have different opinions about the final stanza of the poem. Some believe it holds a tone of terror, while others think it expresses confidence and acceptance. What do you think? Explain your answer. I believe it’s a spiritual energy given off by the â€Å"House†, and I would also have to agree that it is an expression of acceptance. As I was reading my mind would shuffle through what it could possibly mean, with each line this happened and so I read it a second time and then understood what message was trying to be conveyed.

Chapter five is a very important part of Frankenstein because it best E

Chapter five is a very important part of Frankenstein because it best describes the monsters appearance and how he was created. Look at the significance of chapter five to the novel as a whole. Focus on the relevance and effect of the writer’s use of language to describe setting, character and what it shows about social and historical influences The novel â€Å"Frankenstein† is about a scientist name Victor Frankenstein who decides to create life using body parts and electricity, but the experiment goes terribly wrong. The deeper meaning of this novel was the social morals and the fact God should be the only designer on life. The novel was written when Mary Shelley and her husband and a good friend were on holiday in lake Geneva. On a stormy day they challenged each other to write the best horror story. Mary’s story won the competition, so this encouraged her to continue creating the novel in London. The social context of Frankenstein was to encourage scientists not to meddle with the laws of nature, and that al medical advances should not cross the boundary of creating life. Chapter five is a very important part of â€Å"Frankenstein† because it best describes the monsters appearance and how he was created. Chapter five was also another important part of the novel because it’s a crucial turning point in the novel because the story goes wrong from there e.g. the monster is created, Victor is thrown into a fit. At the end of chapter five the monster has ran away and Victor wakes from his fit, Victor thought his monster had died because of cholera though. Although Victor is constantly running away from his monster, the impact is that it’s a simile that Victor is always running away from his problems and this s... ... parent and runs away from his creation throughout the novel, this shows Victor’s lack of care, consideration for his monster and his creation. Since the monster grew with no one, he turned out bitter and evil, this links in with the theme of loneliness and isolation of the monster and Victor’s separation from his loved ones. The last theme is the social warning expressed by Mary Shelley, not to disturb the boundaries of nature, or gods creation, it’s not in peoples right to do so. To explain the 6 themes with a 19th century background, the important thing was the religious meaning (social warning) and the danger of obsession that could inflict with modern day science. Oxygen, and electricity where pat of the 19th century discoveries, whilst DNA, cloning and limb transplants are part of ours, those where the things Mary Shelley feared would happen though.

Adelphia Communications Corporation

Adelphia Communications Corporation was one of the leading cable companies before filing for bankruptcy in the year 2002 due to gross internal corruption which led to the conviction of some of its leading directors and board members.It was established in 1952 after its founder John Rigas purchased Cable Company for three hundred dollars as a hedge for the lost sales of his theater company. It was bought in Couldersport, Pennsylvania and this remained the company's headquarters until the bankruptcy file.Shortly after filling for bankruptcy, the company's headquarters moved to Greenwood Village in Colorado. Most of its major assets were acquired by Time Warner Cable and Comcast in the year 2006 and its remaining assets are being auctioned online by a company known as LFC which in interned based.Due to this acquisition, the company no longer offers it cable services and since it offered long distance services, high speed internet and telephone services with over a hundred thousand custo mers in twenty seven states, this services was taken over by Pioneer Telephone.After the company's downfall it retained a skeleton status with more than two hundred and fifty employees mandated to oversee the bankruptcy issues and it is still recognized as a corporate entity which is still struggling to fight its obligations financially and also handle the litigation claims.The Mississippi Company was initially started in the year 1684 and it was a chartered company. It was started on the demand of Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieru de La Salle after he projected it from the year 1660 and later being appointed the Governor of Fort Frontenac, which was at the mouth of River Mississippi.After traveling over the country through the River, he returned to France and there he solicited for the establishment of the company. After he achieved his goal of the company being established, he returned to start his colony but he failed and finally was killed by his men in a mutiny.Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieru de La Salle was succeeded by Pierre Le Moyne d' Iberville who built a fort and succeeded in settling a colony. It was very successful and in 1718 it had already established New Orleans city which was located at the Louisiana territory.John Law, a Scottish businessman gained controlling interest in the company and it was renamed Compaignie d'Occident and its major target was to conduct business and trade with the North American French colonies and much of the Mississippi River basin was located around this area.John Law was also granted a monopoly ranging a period of twenty five years by the government of France to trade with North America and West Indies.The company's success increased and in the year 1719, the company acquired Compagnie de Chine, Compagnie des Indes Orientales and a contingent of other trading companies of France.John Law came up with a marketing scheme which was very effective by all means. that exagerrated Louisiana wealth and this had the effect of leading to wild speculations on the shares of the company in 1719. The company's shares loss to a magnificent 15,000 livres from 500 livres.However, by the summer of 1720, the confidence in the shares declined and hence the price of the shares was back to 500 livres by 1721. The Regent Phillippe II of Orleans dismissed John Law at the end of 1720 and Law consecutively fled France. Â  

Production Possibilities

Production PossibilitiesProduction possibilities frontier (PPF) or more commonly known as transformation curve is a graph that demonstrates the difference between two goods that an economy with scarce resources could produce. There are two primary determinants that may greatly affect the orientation of the PPF of a nation. These are production functions and factor endowments. There is relatively a very big possibility for the PPF of a nation to shift inward. Instances such as the occurrence of war and technological disturbances that may cause technological growth and development to cease are two of the possible causes of a PPF inward shift. The Principle of Diminishing Marginal Returns can also affect the shift of the PPF of a nation. Other factors such as currency devaluation or technological and political innovation can also shift a nation's PPF inward.Figure 1 shows the inward shift of the PPF curve of a nation that has undergone war. Due to the war, the resources of the nation, w hich are primarily used to produce the food and medicine have been devastated. This devastation of the resources leads to decrease in the rate of technological innovations. Moreover, the war also gave rise to the currency devaluation of the nation. By these, it can be concluded that these instances can increase the possibility of the nation's PPF to shift inward.Given a fixed proportion of resources added with another unit of resource needed by a nation for the production of two goods and the machines needed by the nation in the production, the curve of the production possibility frontier of a nation would shift inward to  the left in time – this is due to the law of diminishing marginal returns. The law states that even though other units of resources are added to the nation's tool for production, the marginal output of the nation would decrement until it reaches negative. And when it reaches the negative value, the PPF curve of that nation would shift inward. Currency dev aluation also affects the inward shift of a nation's PPF curve when some of the nation's resources are being purchased from other nations. The decrease in the value of the nation's currency would affect the amount and the value of the resources purchased. Decline in the rate of innovations could also aid in the inward shift of the PPF curve of the nation since technological innovations may help develop and improve the production process.References:Devadoss, S., Song, W. (2003). Factor Market Oligopsony and the Production   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Possibility Frontier Review of International Economics, 11, 729-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   744.RetrievedNovember 5, 2007 from SSRN database.Goodwin, N. R. (2007, October 9). Production possibility frontier. Retrieved November 5,   Ã‚   2007 from http://www.eoearth.org/article/Production_possibility_frontier.Parasuraman, N. S. (2002, May 1). Production-Possibility Frontier (PPF) Retrieved   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   November 5, 2007, from http://www.geocities.com/parasu41/PPF/.Suranovic, S. M. (2007). International Trade Theory and Policy [Electronic Version]. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from http://internationalecon.com/Trade/Tch60/T60-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   7.php.

Consumerism, Environmentalism, and Marketing Essays

Consumerism, Environmentalism, and Marketing Essays Consumerism, Environmentalism, and Marketing Paper Consumerism, Environmentalism, and Marketing Paper In economics, consumerism is the free choice of consumers, which dictates economic structure of society. Consumerism is an international phenomenon. Consumerism also includes the promotion of consumer rights and protection. Changing fashion and planned obsolescence benefit the producer. Twentieth century consumerism shifted from values of community, spirituality, and integrity to ore competition, materialism, and disconnection. Upper class consumers are desired targets for marketing campaigns (Miller, 1991). A consumer may derive a great deal of satisfaction from purchasing something that improves their social status. Generally, consumers seek to emulate those who are above them in the social hierarchy. Environmentalism is a social movement concerned with conservation and improvement of the environment (Luke, 1997). Environmentalism is associated with the color green from dark green to light and bright green. Environmentalism seeks to influence politicians through lobbying, activism, and education. The environment movement, ecology, health, and human rights, advocates for management of natural resources and changes in public policy. Environmentalists try to give the natural world a stronger voice in human consciousness. In the 20th century, environmentalists gained popularity and recognition. Efforts to save wildlife and the National Park Seen. ice founded by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916 were in response to environmentalists. In 1962, Houghton Muffin published Silent Spring by biologist Rachel Carson who eased public concern about EDT and other pesticides that may cause cancer and were a threat to wildlife, especially birds. Groups like Greenback and Friends of the Earth focused on air pollution, oil spills, and water contamination. Free market environmentalism values health and sustainability of the environment. Environmental preservation, chiefly in the United States, concerns prevention of damage to ecosystems caused by human activities, such as logging, mining, hunting, and fishing, replacing them with tourism and recreation. Natural wildlife preserves are advertised as a place to relax and learn about the carrying capacity of the delicate ecosystem. Pocket is minutes from the Ocean City beach resort, the Assuaged National Seashore Wildlife Refuge, and Wallops Island, home of the National Aeronautic and Space Administration, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The relaxed family atmosphere, the freshest area seafood year round at reasonable prices, the mild climate, the tranquil Pocket River, and abundant wildlife and natural resources make.

The Story of George Crum, Inventor of the Potato Chip

The Story of George Crum, Inventor of the Potato Chip George Crum (born George Speck; July 15, 1824 – July 22, 1914) was a renowned African-American chef who worked at Moon’s Lake House in Saratoga Springs, New York during the mid-1800s. According to culinary legend, Crum invented the potato chip during his work at the restaurant. Fast Facts: George Crum Known For: Widely credited with inventing potato chips when he sliced an order of French fries extra-thin to spite a demanding customer. The story has since been debunked as a myth, but Crum achieved success when he opened  Crums, a popular restaurant in Malta, New York.  Also Known As: George SpeckBorn: July 15, 1824, in Saratoga Springs,  New York, USADied: July 22, 1914, in Malta, New York, USA The Potato Chip Legend   George Speck was born to parents Abraham Speck and Diana Tull  on July 15, 1824. He grew up in upstate New York and was hired at Moons Lake House in the 1850s. Moon’s Lake House was a high-end restaurant that catered to wealthy Manhattan families when Speck was hired. A  regular patron of the restaurant,  Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt, frequently forgot Specks given surname. Vanderbilt  often asked waiters to relay various requests to â€Å"Crum,† thus giving Speck the name he is now known by.   According to popular legend, the potato chip was invented when a picky customer (Vanderbilt himself, according to some reports) repeatedly sent back an order of  French fries, complaining that they were too thick. Frustrated with the customer’s demands, Crum sought revenge by slicing a batch of potatoes paper-thin, frying them to a crisp, and seasoning them with lots of salt. Surprisingly, the customer loved them.  Soon enough, Crum and Moons Lake House became well-known  for their special â€Å"Saratoga chips.†Ã‚   Disputing the Legend   A number of notable accounts  have disputed the story of Crums culinary innovation. Recipes for frying thin potato slices had already been published in cookbooks  by the early 1800s. Several reports on Crum himself, including a  commissioned biography of the chef published in 1893 and his own obituary, were curiously missing any mention of potato chips whatsoever.   Crums sister, Kate Wicks, claimed to be the real inventor of the potato chip. Wick’s obituary, published in The Saratogian in 1924, read, A sister of George Crum, Mrs. Catherine Wicks, died at the age of 102, and was the cook at Moon’s Lake House. She first invented and fried the famous Saratoga Chips. This statement  is supported by Wicks’ own recollections of the tale, which was published in several periodicals during her lifetime. Wicks explained that she had sliced off a sliver of potato that inadvertently fell into a hot frying pan. She let Crum taste it and his enthusiastic approval led to the decision to serve the chips. Crums Legacy Visitors came far and wide to Moons Lake House for a taste of the famous Saratoga chips, sometimes even taking a 10-mile trip around the lake just to get to the restaurant. Cary Moon, the owner of Moon’s Lake House, later tried to claim credit for the invention and began producing and distributing potato chips in boxes. Once Crum opened his own restaurant in the 1860s, called Crum’s, he provided every table with a basket of chips.   Crum’s chips remained a local delicacy until the 1920s when a salesman and entrepreneur named Herman Lay began traveling throughout the south and introducing potato chips to different communities throughout the country. At that point, Crums legacy was overtaken  by the mass production and distribution of potato chips on a national scale. Sources George Crum Dies at Saratoga Lake,  The (Saratoga Springs) Saratogian.  July 27, 1914.  Another Claims Potato Chip Idea,†Ã‚  Glens Falls Post Star.  August 4, 1932Barrett Britten, Elizabeth  [Jean McGregor]. Chronicles of Saratoga, Saratoga Springs, NY. Bradshaw 1947.Bradley, Hugh. Such Was Saratoga.  New York, 1940. 1940, 121-122.Dearborn, R.F.  Saratoga and How to See It. Albany, New York. 1871.  Gruse, Doug. Chipping Away at History.  Post-Star, Glens Falls, New York. November 25, 2009Kitchiner, William.  The Cook’s Oracle; Containing Receipts for Plain Cookery, on the Most Economical Plan for Private Families. 4th ed. A. Constable and Co. of Edinburgh and London.Lee, N.K.M.  The Cooks Own Book: Being A Complete Culinary Encyclopedia.  Boston, Munroe, and Francis. New York, Charles E. Francis, and David Felt. 1832.